Dr Jean-Frédéric Émile Oustalet (August 24, 1844 - October 23, 1905) was a French zoologist.

Oustalet was born at Montbéliard, in the department of Doubs. He was employed at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, where he succeeded Jules Verreaux as assistant-naturalist in 1873. In 1900 he succeeded Alphonse Milne-Edwards as Professor of Mammalogy. He co-authored Les Oiseaux de la Chine (1877) with Armand David, and also wrote Les Oiseaux du Cambodge (1899).