Events

• February 2 - Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• February 25 - Jacob Hutter burned in a stake for heresy
• May 19 - Execution of Anne Boleyn
• May 30 - Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour
• October 13 - The Pilgrimage of Grace, a rebellion in York, is "resolved" by Robert Aske
• October 29 - Coronation of Jane Seymour as the Queen of England

• Wales is united with England by an Act of Union
• Manco Capac II revolts from Spanish rule in Peru
• Resumption of war between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. Francis ceases control of Savoy and captures Turin.
• Protestantism introduced in Denmark
• Portuguese Crown divides Brazil into fifteen donatory captaincies.

Births

• March - Pope Clement VIII
• March 31 - Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Ashikaga shogun
• 26 December - the Confucian scholar Yi I (Yulgok) of Joseon
• Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese kanpaku

Marriages

• 30 May - Henry VIII of England and Jane Seymour.

Deaths

• 7 January - Catherine of Aragon, queen of Henry VIII of England (b. 1485)
• 22 January - Bernhard Knipperdolling, Münster Rebellion leader
• 17 May - George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford, English diplomat
• 19 May - Anne Boleyn, queen of Henry VIII of England (executed)
• 18 June - Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, illegitimate son of Henry VIII of England (b. 1519)
• 12 July - Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch writer and philosopher
• September 25 - Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet (b. 1511)
• October 6 - William Tyndale, Protestant scholar (burned at the stake)
• December 21 - Sir John Seymour, English courtier
• Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish poet (b. 1503)