The Alor archipelago is located at the eastern-most end of the chain of islands that runs through southern Indonesia, which from the west include such islands as Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Solor and Lomblen .

The largest island in the archipelago, Alor, is located at its eastern end. Other islands in the Alor archipelago include Pantar (the second largest island in the Alor arcipelago), Kepa , Buaya , Ternate, Pura and Tereweng . Politically, the Alor archipelago forms its own district (kabupaten) within the province of East Nusa Tenggara.