Andrew Ainslie Common (August 7 1841 – June 2 1903) was a British astronomer.

Among other things, he observed the satellites of Mars and Saturn. He worked on astrophotography, making a celebrated early photograph of the Orion Nebula in 1883. He also worked on telescope making, building a 60-inch reflector.

He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1884, and served as its president from 1895–1896.