Armies have military rank systems that are often used by other military services such as air forces or Marines.
NATO Rank Codes
To assist in the comparison of ranks in the armed forces of different countries, NATO rank codes are used. These are established codes for determining the seniority of officer and other ranks in NATO countries for a particular joint task group or command structure, although specific appointments designate a higher level of seniority over other equivalent rank codes in a given situation. Officer ranks go from OF-1 (applying to all subaltern officers below captain) up to OF-10; OF(D) being a special category for trainee officers awaiting a commission. Other Ranks (those considered enlisted men in the United States forces) are classified from OR-1 to OR-9. Warrant Officers in the United States forces are a special case as single track career specialists between the enlisted and officer ranks in terms of seniority, and have no NATO rank code. The system should not be confused with the pay grades used in the US military.
While countries outside the NATO command structure do not strictly fall into this classification structure and there may be incidences of overlap (particularly in OR ranks between countries) the codes still provide a useful gauge in determining what ranks are broadly equivalent
Generals/Marshals
These are the highest ranks. Promotion to OF-10 rank is now rare and usually reserved for wartime.
Note that there is doubt about rank equivalency in countries that have both colonel-generals and generals but no brigadier-generals, such as German Empire and Russia - often it is considered that in these countries a colonel-general equates to an OF-9 rank, a general to OF-8, a lieutenant-general to OF-7, and a major-general to OF-6 (i.e. the ranks below colonel-general all move down one grade).
| Country
| OF-10
| OF-9
| OF-8
| OF-7
| OF-6
|
| Albania
|
| Gjeneral
| Gjenerallejtnant
| Gjeneralmajor
| Gjeneralbrigad
|
| Austria
|
| General
| Generalleutnant
| Generalmajor
| Brigadier
|
| Belgium¹
|
| Général Generaal
| Lieutenant-général Luitenant-generaal
| Général-major Generaal-majoor
| Général de Brigade Brigadegeneraal
|
| Belarus
|
| General-polkovnik
| General-leytenant
| General-mayor
|
|
| China
| Dayuanshuai (大元帥)
Yuanshuai (元帥)
| Shangjiang
| Zhongjiang
| Shaojiang
| Zunjiang
|
| Finland²
|
| Kenraali General
| Kenraaliluutnantti Generallöjtnant
| Kenraalimajuri Generalmajor
| Prikaatikenraali Brigadgeneral
|
| France
| Maréchal de France
| Général d'Armée
| Général de Corps d´Armée
| Général de Division
| General de Brigade
|
| Germany (modern)
|
| General
| Generalleutnant
| Generalmajor
| Brigadegeneral
|
| German Empire
| Generalfeldmarschall
| Generaloberst
General der Infanterie
| Generalleutnant
| Generalmajor
|
|
| Germany (Nazi-era SS rank)
| Reichsführer-SS
| Oberstgruppenführer
Obergruppenführer
| Gruppenführer
| Brigadeführer
|
|
| Israel
|
|
| Rav-aluf
| Aluf
| Tat-aluf
|
| Japan (Imperial Japanese Army)
| Gensui
| Taishō
| Chūjū
| Shōshō
|
|
| Japan (Japan Self-Defense Forces)
|
|
| Rikushō
| Rikushōho
|
|
| Latvia
|
|
| Ğenerãlleitnants
| Ğenerãlmajors
| Brigādes ģenerãlis
|
| Netherlands
|
| Generaal
| Luitenant-generaal
| Generaal-majoor
| Brigade-generaal
|
| North Korea
| Daewŏnsu
Konghwagukwŏnsu
Inmingunwŏnsu
Chasu
| Daejang
Sangjang
| Jungjang
| Sojang
| Jeoljang ?
|
| Russia
| Marshal Rossiykoy Federatsii
General armii
| General-polkovnik
| General-leytenant
| General-mayor
|
|
| Russian Empire
| General-feldmarshal
| General ot infanterii (kavalerii, artilerii)
| General-leytenant
| General-mayor
|
|
| South Korea
| Weonsu
| Daejang
| Jungjang
| Sojang
|
|
| Soviet Union
| Generalissimo Sovietskogo Soyuza (held only by Joseph Stalin)
Marshal Sovietskogo Soyuza
General of the Army/Marshal of the ... (branch)
| General-polkovnik
| General-leytenant
| General-mayor
|
|
| Spain
| Capitán General
| General
| Teniente General
| General de división
| General de Brigada
|
| Taiwan
| Tejishangjiang
| Yiji-Shangjiang
Erji-Shangjiang
| Zhongjiang
| Shaojiang
| Zunjiang
|
| United Kingdom
| Field Marshal
| General
| Lieutenant-General
| Major-General
| Brigadier
|
| United States
| General of the Army
| General
| Lieutenant General
| Major General
| Brigadier General
|
Other officers
| Country
| OF-5
| OF-4
| OF-3
| OF-2
| OF-1
|
| Albania
| Kolonel
| Nënkolonel
| Major
| Kapiten
| Toger
| Nëntoger
|
|
| Austria
| Oberst
| Oberstleutnant
| Major
| Hauptmann
| Oberleutnant
| Leutnant
| Fähnrich
|
| Belgium¹
| Colonel Kolonel
| Lieutenant-colonel Luitenant-kolonel
| Major Majoor
| Capitaine-commandant Kapitein-commandant
Capitaine Kapitein
| Lieutenant Luitenant
| Sous-lieutenant Onderluitenant
|
|
| Belarus
| Polkovnik
| Podpolkovnik
| Mayor
| Kapitan
| Starshiy leytenant
| Leytenant
| Mladshiy Leytenant
|
| China
| Daixiao
Shangxiao
| Zhongxiao
| Shaoxiao
| Shangwei
| Zhongwei
| Shaowei
|
|
| Finland²
| Eversti Överste
| Everstiluutnantti Överstelöjtnant
| Majuri Major
| Kapteeni Kapten
| Yliluutnantti Premiärlöjtnant
| Luutnantti Löjtnant
| Vänrikki Fänrik
|
| France
| Colonel
| Lieutenant-Colonel
| Commandant
| Captaine
| Lieutenant
| Sous-Lieutenant
|
|
| Germany (modern)
| Oberst
| Oberstleutnant
| Major
| Stabshauptmann
Hauptmann
| Oberleutnant
| Leutnant
|
|
| German Empire
| Oberst
| Oberstleutnant
| Major
| Hauptmann/Rittmeister
| Oberleutnant
| Leutnant
|
|
| German SS rank
| Oberführer
Standartenführer
| Obersturmbannführer
| Sturmbannführer
| Hauptsturmführer
| Obersturmführer
| Untersturmführer
|
|
| Israel
| Aluf mishne
| Sgan aluf
| Rav seren
| Seren
| Segen
| Segen mishne
|
|
| Japan (Imperial Japanese Army)
| Taisa
| Chūsa
| Shōsa
| Taii
| Chūi
| Shōi
|
|
| Japan (Japan Self-Defense Forces)
| Ittō-Rikusa
| Nitō-Rikusa
| Santō-Rikusa
| Ittō-Rikui
| Nitō-Rikui
| Santō-Rikui
|
|
| Latvia
| Pulkvedis
| Pulkvežleitnants
| Majors
| Kapteinis
| Virslietnants
| Lietnants
|
|
| Netherlands
| Kolonel
| Luitenant-kolonel
| Majoor
| Kapitein (cavalry: Ritmeester)
| Eerste luitenant
| Tweede luitenant
| Vaandrig
|
| North Korea
| Daejwa
Sangjwa
| Jungjwa
| Sojwa
| Daewi
Sangwi
| Jungwi
| Sowi
|
|
| Russia
| Polkovnik
| Podpolkovnik
| Mayor
| Kapitan
| Starshiy leytenant
| Leytenant
| Mladshiy Leytenant
|
| South Korea
| Daeryeong
| Jungryeong
| Soryeong
| Daewi
| Jungwi
| Sowi
|
|
| Spain
| Coronel
| Teniente coronel
| Comandante
| Capitán
| Teniente
| Alférez
|
|
| Taiwan
| Shangxiao
| Zhongxiao
| Shaoxiao
| Shangwei
| Zhongwei
| Shaowei
| Wei
|
| United Kingdom
| Colonel
| Lieutenant-Colonel
| Major
| Captain
| Lieutenant
| Second Lieutenant
|
|
| United States
| Colonel
| Lieutenant Colonel
| Major
| Captain
| 1st Lieutenant
| 2nd Lieutenant
|
|
¹ Belgium has three official languages, French, Dutch and German.
² Finland has two official languages, Finnish and Swedish.
See also