Blood diseases affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, the mechanism of coagulation, etc. The study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases is the domain of hematology and hemotherapy . Medical specialists in this domain are called hematologists.

Classification of diseases

• Hemoglobinopaties
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Thalassemia
  • Methemoglobinemia
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
  • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD)
• Decreased numbers of cells
  • Anemias (decrease in the number of erythrocytes)
    • Iron deficiency anemia (caused by deficiency of production of hemoglobin)
    • Aplastic anemia
    • Pernicious anemia
    • Megaloblastic anemia - Vitamin B₁₂ or folate deficiency
    • Hemolytic anemia (caused by destruction of red cells)
    • Fanconi anemia
    • Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome
  • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Myelofibrosis
  • Neutropenia (decrease in the number of neutrophils)
  • Agranulocytosis
  • Spherocytosis
  • Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
  • Thrombocytopenia (decrease in the number of platelets)
    • Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
    • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
• Increased numbers of cells
  • Polycythemia vera (increase in the number of cells in general)
  • Leukocytosis (increase in the number of white blood cells)
  • Thrombocytosis (increase in the number of platelets)
  • Myeloproliferative disorder
• Hematological malignancies
  • Lymphomas
    • Hodgkin's disease
    • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Burkitt's lymphoma
    • Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
  • Myelomas
    • Multiple myeloma
  • Leukemias
    • Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
    • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
    • Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
    • Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
    • Hairy cell leukemia
• Coagulopathies
  • Disorders of clotting proteins
    • Hemophilia
      • Hemophilia A
      • Hemophilia B (a.k.a. Christmas disease
      • Hemophilia C
    • Von Willebrand disease
    • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
    • Protein S deficiency
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Rh disease
  • Disorders of platelets
    • Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
    • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Other diseases that mainly affect blood cells
  • Infectious mononucleosis
  • AIDS
  • Malaria

Related topics

• Blood
• Hematology
• Blood tests
• Blood transfusion
• Bone marrow transplantation
• List of hematologists