Population: 4,863,169 (July 2004 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 36.2% (male 904,627; female 857,601)
15-64 years: 59.7% (male 1,423,836; female 1,477,224)
65 years and over: 4.1% (male 76,670; female 123,211) (2004 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.81% (2004 est.)

Birth rate: 27.82 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Death rate: 8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Net migration rate: -0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 73.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 61.29 years
male: 57.87 years
female: 64.88 years (2004 est.)

Total fertility rate: 3.45 children born/woman (2004 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Turkmen(s)
adjective: Turkmen

Ethnic groups: Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003)

Religions: Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%

Languages: Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%

Other languages include: Balochi language

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98%
male: 99%
female: 97% (1989 est.)

See also : Turkmenistan