For a more general meaning of the word mythologies see mythology.

Mythologies is the title of a 1972 book by Roland Barthes (ISBN 0374521506). It is a collection of essays examining the tendency of contemporary social value systems to create modern myths. Barthes also looks at the semiology of the process of myth creation, updating Ferdinand de Saussure's system of sign analysis by adding a second level where signs are elevated to the level of myth. It is considered to be a key antecedent of cultural studies.

The work of Claude Lévi-Strauss should also be considered in this context.