The Nuba Mountains are a mountain range in Kordofan, a province in central Sudan, Africa. The mountains cover an area roughly 40 miles wide by 90 miles long, and are 1500 to 3000 feet higher in elevation than the surronding plain. It is arid there, but lush and green compared with most nearby areas. There are almost no roads in the Nuba Mountains; most villages there are only accesible by ancient paths that aren't navigable by motor vehicles.

The people of the Nuba Mountains are collectively called Nuba, although they are members of several different ethnic and linguistic groups.