Oxenstierna, an ancient Swedish noble family, the origin of which can be traced up to the middle of the 14th century, which had vast estates in Sudermannia and Uplandia, and began to adopt its armorial designation of Oxenstierna ("Ox-forehead", stierna has the double meaning of "star") as a personal name towards the end of the 16th century. Its most notable members include the following:

• Bengt Jönsson Oxenstierna, (1390s-1450)
• Nils Jönsson Oxenstierna, (1390s-1450s)
• Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna, (1417-1467)
• Axel Gustafsson Oxenstierna, (1583–1654), very powerfull chancellor of Swedish kingdom
• Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna, (1587–1640)
• Bengt Oxenstierna (1591–1643), Swedish Privy Councillor, Governor-General of Ingria and Swedish Livonia;
• Johan Axelsson Oxenstierna, (1611–1657)
• Bengt Gabrielsson Oxenstierna (1623–1702), President of the Royal Swedish Chancellery.