Ring around the Rosie is a nursery rhyme. It has various wordings, but a common version is

Ring around the rosie

a pocket full of posies

ashes, ashes

we all fall down

Commonly sung by children holding hands in a circle, skipping or walking such that the circle rotates, and ends by all the children falling on the ground while or after the final line is spoken.

A common belief is that Ring Around the Rosie originated during the Bubonic Plague. This reasoning holds that the original version of Ring Around the Rosie was

Ring around the rosie

a pocket full of posies

achoo, achoo

we all fall down

wherein rosie refers to a plague buboe which often formed on victims, a pocket full of posies referred to a common method to either ward off the plague or cover up the plague's stench, achoo referred to the symptom of sneezing, and we all fall down referred to the act of dying. This attribution of the source of Ring Around the Rosie has come under criticism due to any lack of documentation in print before the late 1800s.