Edward Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton (November 8, 1831 - November 24, 1891) was an English statesman and poet.

The son of the novelist Edward Bulwer-Lytton, he was educated at Harrow School and at the University of Bonn. When eighteen years old, he went to the United States as private secretary of his uncle, Sir Henry Bulwer, who was Minister at Washington, DC.

When twenty-five years old, he published in London a volume of poems under the name of Owen Meredith. He went on to publish several other volumes under the same name. The most popular one is "Lucile," a story in verse.

He later was secretary at different courts in Europe and Minister to Portugal and France. From 1876 to 1880 he was Governor General of India.

He was the second Baron Lytton from his father's death in 1873 until he was created Earl Lytton in 1880.