Robert Jackson was the name of the following people:

• Robert H. Jackson (1892 - 1954), a justice on the Supreme Court of the United States, and the chief American prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials.

• Robert V. Jackson (b. 1946), a member of Parliament in the United Kingdom.

• Robert Jackson, a City Council member in New York City.

• Robert Jackson, a scientist.

• Robert Jackson, a musician.