The Second Provisional Government was the Provisional Government that held office in 1922 from 30 August to 6 December. It came to office following the election of the Third Dáil on 16th June and consisted of members of the pro-Treaty faction of Sinn Féin. The cabinet came to an end when it was superseded by the First Executive Council of the Irish Free State.

Its formation brought to an end the anomalous system of dual administration that had existed since January, of government under both the Fourth Ministry and the First Provisional Government. Owing to the assassination of Michael Collins, a victim of the Civil War, and the death of Arthur Griffith from a stroke, the Third Dáil was able to elect W.T. Cosgrave as both Chairman of the Provisional Government and President of the Republic.

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