The Soviet Mountain Republic (Russian: Го́рская АССР, part of RSFSR) existed from January 20, 1921 to July 7, 1924. Area: over 73,000 km². Population: about 800,000. It had 6 national districts.

It was divided into Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, Chechnya, Northern Ossetia and Ingushetia.