In economics, the subsistence theory of wages states that wages in the long run will tend to the minimum value needed to keep workers alive. The justification for the theory is that when wages are higher, more workers will be produced, and when wages are lower, some workers will die, in each case bringing supply back to a subsistence-level equilibrium. The subsistence theory of wages is generally attributed to David Ricardo, and plays a large role in Marxist economics. Most modern economists dismiss the theory, arguing instead that wages in a market economy are determined by marginal productivity .