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Table of consonants


The following tables list all the consonants listed by the International Phonetic Alphabet. The first table contains consonants articulated in the front part of the mouth, and the second table contains consonants articulated in the back part of the mouth. The places of articulation are listed on top, and the manners of articulation on the left side. Where consonants occur in pairs, the consonant on the left represents a voiceless articulation and the consonant on the right represents a voiced articulation.

Affricates are not included in the table, since they are generally composed of symbols in the table. Phonologically they do function as single consonants in many languages.

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Labial-palatal
Plosive p b t d ʈ ɖ
Voiced implosive ɓ ɗ̪ ɗ
Ejective t̪ʼ
Nasal m ɱ̊ ɱ n̪̊ n ɳ̊ ɳ
Trill ʙ r
Tap or Flap ɾ ɺ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Ejective fricative
Percussive
Approximant β̞̊ β̞ ʋ̥ ʋ ɹ̥ ɹ ɻ̊ ɻ ɥ̊ ɥ
Lateral approximant l ɭ
Click consonant ʘ ǀ ǃ ǁ ǂ
Alveolo-palatal Palatal Labial-velar Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Epiglottal Glottal
Plosive c ɟ k g q ɢ ʡ ʔ
Voiced implosive ʄ ɠ ʛ
Nasal ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʀ
Fricative ɕ ʑ ç ʝ ʍ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ
Approximant j w ɰ
Lateral approximant ʎ ʟ

Other consonants:

See also

Last updated: 01-04-2007 01:18:57
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