Tārgu Jiu is a town in the Gorj county, Oltenia, Romania. It situated among the lower slopes of the Carpathian Mountains, on the East bank of the river Jiu, and at the terminus of a branch railway which joins the main Wallachian line between Drobeta-Turnu Severin and Craiova.
Anthracite coal is found in the neighborhood, starting with the 1960s, extracting industry flourished in the region, increasing abruptly its population. However, starting with the 1990s, this industry is in decline.
During World War II the city was the site of a concentration camp in which political prisoners were detained.
The sculptor Constantin Brancusi had his studio here, and several of his larger sculptures can be found in the town.
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