The United States Senate Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment was created in 1873. Its name was changed to United States Senate Committee on Civil Service in 1921, and it was merged into the new U.S. Senate Committee on Post Office and Civil Service in 1921.

Chairmen of the Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment, 1873-1921

• George Wright (R-IA) 1873-1875
• Powell Clayton (R-AR) 1875-1877
• James G. Blaine (R-ME) 1877
• Henry Teller (R-CO) 1877-1879
• M. C. Butler (D-SC) 1879-1881
• Joseph Hawley (R-CT) 1881-1887
• Jonathan Chace (R-RI) 1887-1889
• Edward O. Wolcott (R-CO) 1889-1893
• Wilkinson Call (D-FL) 1893-1894
• Thomas Jarvis (D-NC) 1894-1895
• Jeter C. Pritchard (R-NC) 1895-1899
• Lucien Baker (R-KS) 1899-1901
• George C. Perkins (R-CA) 1901-1909
• Albert Cummins (R-IA) 1909-1913
• Atlee Pomerene (D-OH) 1913-1917
• Kenneth McKellar (D-TN) 1917-1919
• Thomas Sterling (R-SD) 1919-1921

Chairmen of the Committee on Civil Service, 1921-1947

• Thomas Sterling (R-SD) 1921-1923
• Robert Nelson Stanfield (R-OR) 1923-1925
• James Couzens (R-MI) 1925-1926
• Porter H. Dale (R-VT) 1926-1933
• William H. Bulow (D-SD) 1933-1943
• Kenneth McKellar (D-TN) 1943-1944
• Sheridan Downey (D-CA) 1944-1947